Āhua-Kaiarahi / Hikohiko
E whakamahia ana ngā haurua-whakahaere i roto i ngā ara iahiko whakauru, ngā hikohiko kaihoko, ngā pūnaha whakawhitiwhiti kōrero, te whakaputa hiko photovoltaic, te rama, te whakawhiti hiko teitei me ētahi atu mara. Ahakoa mai i te tirohanga hangarau, mai i te whanaketanga ōhanga rānei, he nui te hiranga o ngā haurua-whakahaere. Ko ngā rauemi haurua-whakahaere noa ko te silicon, te germanium, te gallium arsenide, me ētahi atu, ā, ko te silicon te mea tino whai mana i roto i te whakamahinga o ngā momo rauemi haurua-whakahaere.
Mīhini Tuhituhi Wafer ☞
Ko te tuhi i te angaanga silicon te taahiraa tuatahi i roto i te tukanga huihuinga "muri", ā, he hononga nui ki te hanga i ngā haurua-haurua. Mā tēnei tukanga ka wehea te angaanga ki ngā maramara takitahi mō te hononga maramara, te hononga mata, me ngā mahi whakamātautau.
Kaiwhakarōpū Wafer ☞
Ka taea e te kaitātari wafer te whakarōpū me te whakarōpū i ngā wafer kua hangaia kia rite ki ō rātou tawhā rahi pēnei i te diameter, te matotoru rānei hei whakatutuki i ngā hiahia whakaputa o ngā hua, tukanga rānei rerekē; I te wa ano, ka tirotirohia ngā wafer hapa kia mohio ai ko ngā wafer whai tohu anake ka uru ki te taahiraa tukatuka me te whakamātautau e whai ake nei.
Ngā Taputapu Whakamātautau ☞
I roto i te hanga o ngā taputapu haurua-ira, me whai wheako i ngā tukanga maha, tae atu ki ngā rau, mai i te kotahi te anga haurua-ira ki te hua whakamutunga. Hei whakarite kia tika, kia pumau, kia pono hoki te mahi a te hua, ā, kia nui hoki te hua, me whai whakaritenga motuhake mō ngā mahi katoa e ai ki te āhua o te hanga o ngā hua rerekē. Nō reira, me whakatū he pūnaha e rite ana me ngā mahi aroturuki tika i roto i te tukanga hanga, mai i te tirotiro i te tukanga haurua-ira i te tuatahi.